Interactive Explorer
Cell Organelles
Click any organelle in the diagram or sidebar to explore its structure, functions, and fascinating facts. Complete the quiz when you're ready.
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Nucleus
Cell Membrane
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Cytoplasm
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nucleus
Nucleus
Structure
A double-membrane bound organelle (nuclear envelope) with nuclear pores. Contains chromatin (DNA + histone proteins) and the nucleolus. Typically 5–10 μm in diameter.
- Houses the cell's genetic material (DNA)
- Controls gene expression and protein synthesis
- Replicates DNA before cell division
- Produces ribosomal RNA (rRNA) via the nucleolus
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If the DNA in a single human nucleus were stretched out, it would be ~2 meters long.
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The nucleus communicates with the cytoplasm via ~3,000–4,000 nuclear pore complexes.
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Red blood cells are one of the few human cell types that lack a nucleus.
Memory Aid
The nucleus is the cell's "control tower" — all major decisions come from here.